War es seit den 80er Jahren immer schon ein Thema, inwiefern es bereits eine deutsche Soziologie im Nationalsozialismus gegeben habe, um deren habituelles und personelles Fortwirken in der Formation der BRD-Soziologie als Belastung konsequent aufklären zu können (Klingemann 1981 Rammstedt 1986), so ist die Auf-merksamkeit neuerdings okkupiert durch die Fragestellung, ob sich die deutsche Soziologie als Fach nach 1945 eigentlich unangemessen konstituiert hat, weil sie sich zunächst und auch später nicht auf eine Soziologie des Nationalsozialismus konzentriert habe (Christ/Suderland (Hg.) 2014 Becker 2014). The crisis of Fordism and the ensuing social discontinuities and complexities did not give rise to historical sociology but were felt mainly within theory.ġ Vorspann Es gibt eine entwickelte Geschichtsschreibung der deutschen Soziologie von 1945/1949 bis in die Gegenwart, begonnen in den 70er Jahren in der Auseinandersetzung zwischen Lepsius und Schelsky (Lepsius 1979 Schelsky 1981) und fortgesetzt in den immer erneuten Versuchen der 68er-Soziologen, in kritischer Haltung diese Fachgeschichte zu schreiben (z. The extinguishing of the Weimar-era historical school in sociology meant that only high theory and “American-style” empirical social research remained as vital options. In Germany, however, the society-wide destabilization after the mid-1970s did not lead to a historicization of sociology. The influx of historical sociologists to the USA from Germany was unable to produce a historicization of the discipline until 1970s, when positivist hegemony was challenged for other reasons, mainly external to the discipline. The explanation of these trends is multicausal and conjunctural. The handful of exiled historical sociologists who returned to Germany after 1945 were marginalized, stopped working historically, or moved into other disciplines. Several leading Weimar-era historical sociologists stayed in Germany after 1933 but were unable to reestablish their prominence either because of their Nazi collaboration or because their work was dismissed by a new generation trained during the Nazi period or trained in the USA after the war. In Germany, historical sociology failed to survive the Nazi period. For reasons explored here, the historical orientation of these exiled intellectuals had little resonance in the USA until the 1970s. After 1933, the majority of German historical sociologists went into exile, most of them to the USA. Historical sociology was one of the two poles of German sociology before 1933, whereas historical sociology had only a handful of proponents in the USA at that time. The article focuses on extrascientific determinants such as political support for historical scholarship and macrosocial crisis or stability, as well as determinants that are more proximate or internal to the scientific field, such as the ongoing struggle between different epistemologies and the ability of historical sociology to sequester itself into a protected subfield. It examines the flows of social scientists between those two countries due to forced exile from Nazi Germany, the American military occupation after 1945, and the voluntary exchange of scholars. This paper examines the reasons for the variable incidence and differing forms of historical sociology in several different historical periods, with a focus on Germany and the USA. Stephan Moebius is Professor of Sociological Theory and Intellectual History at the University of Graz, Austria. This work will appeal to students and scholars of sociology, and to a general readership interested in the history of Germany. The final chapters are devoted to sociology in the German Democratic Republic and the period from 1990 to the present day. The book begins with sociology in the German Reich, the Weimar Republic, National Socialism and exile, before exploring sociology after 1945 as a ‘key discipline’ of the young Federal Republic of Germany, and reconstructing the periods from 1945 to 1968 and from 1968 to 1990. Throughout the book, the author relates the discipline’s history to its historical, economic, political and cultural contexts. This open access book traces the development of sociology in Germany from the late 19th century to the present day, providing a concise overview of the main actors, institutional processes, theories, methods, topics and controversies.
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“We have tended to assume that the tomb and effigy were made shortly after the Black Prince died, on the instructions in his will. Fortunately we were provided with solid scaffolding: /7QpAS8doAu By using the latest scientific technology and closely examining the effigy, we have discovered so much more about how it was cast, assembled and finished.Ĭonducting research in was an absolute delight-and posed some acrobatic challenges to reach the XRF spectrometer past the 15th century railings to the tomb. “Until now though, a lack of documents about the Black Prince’s tomb and effigy has limited our understanding of their construction, chronology and patronage so our scientific study of them offers a long-overdue opportunity to reassess the effigy as one of the country’s most precious medieval sculptures. “This isn’t just any armour - it is his armour, the same armour that hangs empty above the tomb, replicated with complete fidelity even down to tiny details like the position of rivets. “There is something deeply affecting about the way his armour is depicted on the tomb,” Dr Barker commented. The research was carried out in collaboration with Canterbury Cathedral and has been published in the latest edition of The Burlington Magazine. Photo courtesy Waygate Technologiesĭr Jessica Barker, a senior lecturer in Medieval Art at The Courtauld, led the study with co-researcher Emily Pegues, a PhD student at The Courtauld and assistant curator of sculpture at Washington DC’s National Gallery of Art, and Graeme McArthur, a conservator at University College London. Endoscopic view of the interior of the effigy from the bascinet toward the chest cavity and legs. He died before his father and so his son, Richard II, succeeded to the throne instead. Nicknamed the Black Prince for the armour he wore, Edward was involved in many of the military campaigns and major battles of the early stages of the Hundred Years’ War. The team believe the Black Prince’s son, Richard II, commissioned both the effigies of his father and grandfather at the same time.Įdward of Woodstock (1330 – 1376), was the eldest son of King Edward III of England, and the heir apparent to the English throne. The new research reveals that the figure is one of a pair because of the striking similarities with the effigy of Edward III, the Black Prince’s father, at Westminster Abbey. The team’s analysis also reveals that the effigy is one of the most sophisticated castings from the Middle Ages, cleverly constructed with the collaboration of an armourer, who both ensured the armour’s accurate detail, and helped to disguise the ways the effigy’s pieces were assembled. He demanded that his tomb was placed where everyone could see so that they would be moved to pray for “his rotting corpse.” Overall view of the tomb. On his deathbed, the day before he died aged 45, he set down extraordinarily detailed directions for his tomb, asking to be shown ‘fully armed’ as if for war. It was previously thought the tomb and effigy, which can be seen in the Trinity Chapel at Canterbury Cathedral, had been made shortly after the death of the Black Prince because the design of the tomb closely follows the instructions in his will. Some volunteers take part in the continued preservation, restoration, and maintenance of structures, grounds, artifacts and machinery. Though the buildings are closed during the winter, the site is popular for cross-country skiing and snowshoeing.Volunteering at the Tallac SiteAre you interested in becoming a volunteer at the Tallac Historic Site? There are many ways to help. A changing schedule of activities with times, places, and a detailed description is available at the Visitors Center and the Baldwin Museum. Many paths and most buildings are accessible.Between June and September you may join a Tallac interpreter for heritage programs, guided walks, building tours, demonstrations, behind the scenes peeks, and more. The Tallac Historic Site offers something for everyone and is adjacent to Kiva picnic area and the Taylor Creek Visitor Center. Today, the remains of the resort and the restored estates attract thousands of visitors annually to recapture this bygone and significant era in Tahoe's history. Call the Taylor Creek Visitor Center for more information on summer programs at (530) 543-2674 or visit Summer Programs at the Taylor Creek Visitor Center2014 Lake of the Sky Journal(PDF2,082KB)Ī century ago, what is now the Tallac Historic Site held the 'Grandest Resort in the World' and the summer retreats for three of San Francisco Bay Area's socially elite families. Be sure to look for the raccoon, crayfish, bats, frog, Stellar Jay, Bald Eagles, butterflies, and the slug! Look carefully, they aren't easy to find! This facility provides a realistic and meaningful experience for all who visit including the more than 4,000 third and fourth grade students who participate in the environmental education programs conducted during the fall spawning run of the Kokanee Salmon in Taylor Creek.Sporting a great look and state of the art equipment table to present programs of all types, the Lake of the Sky Amphitheater offers special evening programs in July and August. There are also creative informational signs and hidden critters. This diorama boasts a mural on the walls which shows all the seasons experienced at Taylor Creek. A 180 degree curved diorama illustrates life above and below the water. The visitor center is also the hub where four fascinating self-guided trails start and the home of the Stream Profile Chamber, a primary attraction at the visitor center complex.The Stream Profile Chamber, located 1/4 mile down the Rainbow Trail, provides a view of the stream environment allowing visitors to study a diverted section of Taylor Creek through a panel of aquarium-like windows and is a major attraction for local conservation and environmental education programs. The Taylor Creek Visitor Center is located on the south shore of beautiful Lake Tahoe. The summer season offers boarding, hourly guided rides, breakfast and dinner rides (Reservations required), and pack charters. Difficulty level is difficult.Ĭamp Richardson Corral is located on the south shore of beautiful Lake Tahoe. Mount Tallac – one-way mileage is 5 miles. Cathedral Lake – one-way mileage is 2.5 miles. Floating Island Lake – one-way mileage is 1.7 miles. Tallac Trailhead receives high use and is thus well marked. The manual labor of entering data into Excel is likely to bring mistakes. Many new small business owners will start by entering all of their bookkeeping on an Excel spreadsheet. Accounting software allows you to invoice your clients and keep up on unpaid invoices.Ībove all else, the most significant benefit of utilizing accounting software is creating accuracy and order within your business. Accounting software will make it easier to do so with the ease of invoicing. Getting paid for your work is vital for any contractor. The most considerable benefits of accounting software for contractors are helping you get paid, giving you data for accurate financial records, help you with your tax estimates, and so that you are not overwhelmed if an audit comes your way. Let’s face it unless you are a bookkeeper or accountant working as an independent contractor, and these skills are likely not your strong suit.Īccounting software can help even the most accounting inept people to become capable organizers of their books! This might all sound intimidating, but with the right help, you will be handling your taxes and bookkeeping like you know what you are doing! Contractors are held reliable for their tax payments and do not rely on businesses to withhold income tax for them. However, when a company hires an independent contractor, it is different. This goes for all employees of a company. Each year, all employee taxable income is proven on a W-2 form and filed to the IRS. A percentage of each check is withheld to fund unemployment, social security, Medicare, and tax liability. The business they work for will withhold and report a portion of the employee’s wages. People who work routine 8-5 jobs for a company are classified as an employee. However, you may not have realized how important it is to make sure you keep up on bookkeeping and accounting as an independent contractor. You likely became an independent contractor to get away from the typical workday or have a particular skill that businesses desire. As a business, you will need to pay taxes and keep up with your bookkeeping as well. In order to claim business expenses, each expense must be considered ordinary and necessary, meaning it is common to the profession and develops or maintains your business.Ĭurrent expenses are those which benefit your business for less than a year.Īny expense not related to personal uses and can be directly related to the business may be deductible.Įxpenses must be a reasonable amount to be deducted and shouldn’t be inflated.As an independent contractor, the law classifies you as a business. Business, professional and education licenses, and fees.Transportation and travel - both locally and away from your home.Net profit relates to the amount you were paid for goods and services, after you’ve taken all your eligible business deductions. When filing your return, ensure you have appropriate documentation to back up all your income and expenses Any net earnings greater than $400 require the filing of a Schedule SE to calculate self-employment tax. To report your income to the IRS, you’ll use a Schedule C, or a simpler version of the Schedule C-EZ. These taxes cover 15.3% of your net profit toward Social Security and Medicare, along with your share of income taxes. Throughout the year, you’ll be expected to pay self-employment taxes, usually in quarterly installments. If at first glance the IRS doesn’t approve your deductions, there’s a chance you may get audited.Ĭopies of whatever Form 1099-MISC you receive are also sent to the IRS by the client who paid you. Independent contractors have to be diligent in their record keeping – ensuring business expenses and personal expenses are always kept separate. You may be able to deduct some relevant costs of developing, maintaining and growing your business. However, because the payer doesn’t provide these things, you’ll be required to handle it yourself. They aren’t required to include benefits, Social Security contributions, or income tax withholdings, which means you may make more money than a salaried employee. In some cases, you may be considered a “nonemployee” to the payer. The IRS considers anyone who receives a 1099-MISC to be self-employed, whether as a freelance writer or an Uber driver. This form documents your earning from a specific client, as opposed to a standard employee’s W-2. You are an independent contractor in the eyes of the IRS if you receive a Form 1099-MISC. Freelancers, contractors or other consultants, even if they work part-time on the side, can often have a more complex tax situation than the standard employee. Fixed issue: The properties and the other windows opened in the wrong monitor, on multi-monitors system.Fixed the sorting of the IP Address column.When it's turned on, the odd and even rows are displayed in different color, to make it easier to read a single line. Added 'Mark Odd/Even Rows' option, under the View menu.(Sometimes this file is provided with leading space characters, I don't really know why.) Fixed bug: NetBScanner failed to load the external MAC addresses file (oui.txt) when every line has 2 leading space characters.NetBScanner now automatically skips the broadcast addresses, according to the IP addresses/Subnet masks settings of every network adapter on your system.Updated the internal MAC addresses database.System Requirements for iNet Network Scanner 2.4.8 for Macĭownload iNet Network Scanner 2.4.8 for Mac Free File Name: iNet-Network-Scanner-2.4.8.zip.Technical Details for iNet Network Scanner 2.4.8 for Mac Optimize wifi quality of devices connected to the Airport Stations.Wake on Lan for putting the Mac devices to sleep or reboot mode.Observe the bandwidth usage of the wifi and ethernet connections.Find out which devices are currently or were previously connected. Features of iNet Network Scanner 2.4.8 for Mac In short, iNet Network Scanner 2.4.8 for Mac is a must-have tool for improving the Mac security by finding the network information. The most glorious feature is that it also enables users to optimize wifi quality of devices connected to their Airport Stations. With the help of iNet Network Scanner for Mac, users can find out which devices are currently or were previously connected, bandwidth usage of wifi and ethernet connections, observe the bandwidth usage of the wifi and ethernet connections, and determine the connection quality of all devices on the wifi network. If you have tasted the regular Mello Yello but think it is way too sweet you will be in for a pleasant surprise with the Zero edition. Recently, the House of Coke added Mello Yello to their successful Zero line. I forgot it and whenever had a rare craving for a citrus soda, I took to Mountain Dew. It was too sweet for my taste and I couldn’t get past that wacky lettering. I didn’t know what this strange font was all about but bought a can anyway because I have always wanted to try it. It reminded me of the neon Doctor Who emblem with Peter Davison. More importantly, I remembered the original 70’s logo with the cool bubble letters. I remember that soda when I was a little kid. Around this time I noticed a soft drink with the ugliest logo ever called Mello Yello. Surge eventually went the way of the Sega Dreamcast, pogs and Tamagotchis (which taught a generation to never have kids or pets because the damn thing was so needy). Like a cliché, I would raise my arms in victory to the opus of the Maximum Overdrive soundtrack, AC/DC’s “Who Made Who?”Īnyhow, as time went on I discovered martinis and manhattans. Then I would drop me back on the ground and kick me 300-style down a pit. “Grow the fuck up kid,” I would shout, grabbing myself by his/my ratty Stereolab t-shirt. God, if I could go back in time I would kick myself in the ghoulies and then wipe the mud off my Cole Haan’s all over my 1995 version’s face. Screaming “sell out” while I had an ill-conceived mohawk and noshing on Asian shrimp flavored snacks. Yeah…I was one of those idiots who felt that if things got popular, they were no longer good. In some stupid way I thought drinking Surge was cooler because it was not as popular as Mountain Dew at my university. They even aped the extreme sports campaign of Mountain Dew but no matter, I liked Surge and was impartial to the Mountain. Surge was Coca-Cola’s answer to Mountain Dew. Back when I was in college I drank a lot of Fruitopia and Surge. If you have questions or would like to make an appointment my staff and I would be happy to serve you. Wheels In Motion offers service and parts, and proudly serves the areas of Malibu, Thousand Oaks, Santa Monica, and Simi Valley. We sell new and pre-owned ATVs, Motorcycles & UTVs from Yamaha, BMW, Can-Am, Ducati, Harley-Davidson®, Honda, Polaris, Kawasaki & Suzuki with excellent pricing options. In addition to General Repair, PA Inspections, Service, Auto Detailing, Antique, Classic, and Muscle Car Restoration, Repair and Service, we now offer Collision Repair, Frame and Unibody Repair, Insurance Work, and Full Body and Paint. Wheels In Motion is a powersports dealership in Chatsworth, CA. The opportunity to expand came in the Fall of 2008 to purchase the former Dames Chevrolet Body Shop. We aim to provide comfort and hope through the Christian Faith. In 2000, I started Wheels In Motion which combines all of my automotive experience in one shop. 'Wheels in Motion' is a Christian Charity set up to help support homeless people and people struggling with addictions throughout Ayrshire, Scotland by providing shelter, food and companionship. I worked at two restoration shops and a body shop during this time. Since 1997 Wheels in Motion has been selling, servicing and renting new and used golf transportation, industrial vehicles and serving Southern Nevadas golf car needs. I restored cars as a hobby my whole life and decided to make it career. I sold the business to pursue other interests. I later added "Mike's Perfomance Parts" and sold Speed Equipment and Camaro Parts. I started my first business "Mike's Service Center" in 1979 as a General Repair, Service, State Inspections and Gas Station. They opened our first store, Campus Bike & Toy. Same Phone Number! Check out our Facebook for updates. Since 1933 the Wheels in Motion family has been Ann Arbors first choice for all of their cycling needs. We have moved to our new location at 525 East High Street (Former Dames Chevrolet) in Pottstown. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Now try our grammar exercise on quantifiers! “Do you like swimming?”, “Yes, a lot.” / “ Not very much.” / “ A little!”įor more information on types of nouns, see our page on English articles. We can also use these quantifiers as short answers. “She’s beginning to go out a little after the accident.” We can use quantifiers like “a lot”, “a little” or “not very much” as adverbs. Quantifiers used as adverbs and short answers There isn’t any difference between the two expressions. For example, “There are a lot of people here” or “There are lots of people here”. We can say either a lot of or lots of before a noun. To avoid making this mistake, remember either to use a before lot, or to make lot plural – lots. For example, “There are lot of accidents on this road”. In written English, it is more common to write many (for countable plural nouns) or a great deal of (for uncountable nouns) in positive statements.Ī common mistake is to use lot of. In spoken English we often use lots of or a lot of. It is grammatically incorrect to say “There are less people here than last year”, as “people” is a plural countable noun. Remember: use “fewer” for plural, countable nouns, and “less” for uncountable nouns.įor example, “There are fewer people here than last year” or “He drinks less coffee than I do”. The comparative form of “few” is fewer, and the comparative form of “little” is less. “There was only a little petrol left in the car.” Or “There wasn’t much petrol left in the car.” “Not many people came to the party.” Or “Only a few people came to the party.” In spoken English, we can also say not many, or only a few to mean “few” and only a little or not much to mean “little”. “Few people understand” (not many people understand), compared to “a few people understand” (some people understand). “A few” is more in quantity than “few” and “a little” is more in quantity than “little”. much less in quantity).įor example, “There’s little point in calling” (= there’s not much point calling). We can also use few and little (without “a”) to mean very few or very little (i.e. For example, “There’s a little coffee left, if you would like some.” For example, “A few people came to the party.” We use a few with plural, countable nouns. The one you choose depends on what type of noun you are describing. We can use a few, a little, a lot and lots of to mean “not very much”, “not very many” and “plenty of”. Quantifiers are an important part of English grammar. Choose from six different modes to switch up the kind of music you're hearing: Meet Pandora Modes - The new way to customize your station experience. Find something new by simply browse and tap recommended podcasts to find over 1,400 podcasts, including SiriusXM shows, on-demand whether you're on Pandora Premium, Plus or Radio. Just search on your mobile phone or tablet and play to start listening, then tap + to add to your collection. With Podcasts on Pandora, find your favorites and listen to personalized recommendations that actually make sense. Start streaming your favorite artist, song, genre, or podcast instantly today for free in your car. The new voice mode lets you search, play, pause, skip, adjust volume & thumb up music with a simple voice command. Enjoy your own personalized music or podcast experience from anywhere on the world’s most powerful music discovery platform. Take Pandora with you wherever you go with CarPlay for your daily commute or your next road trip. Start streaming all of the current global hits and enjoy your own personalized music experience. From rap and pop to rock and country, play your favorite artists and stay up to date on today’s top hits and releases. Download today and get instant access to your favorite artists and podcasts, while staying up to date on the most recent singles and releases. Personalized listening experience that continually evolves with your tastes.Ĭreate stations from your favorite songs, artists or genres, search or browse to find recommended stations for your mood or activity, and discover podcasts that speak to you. One common MIDI application is to play a MIDI keyboard or other controller and use it to trigger a digital sound module (which contains synthesized musical sounds) to generate sounds, which the audience hears produced by a keyboard amplifier. When a musician plays a MIDI instrument, all of the key presses, button presses, knob turns and slider changes are converted into MIDI data. MIDI carries event messages data that specify the instructions for music, including a note's notation, pitch, velocity (which is heard typically as loudness or softness of volume) vibrato panning to the right or left of stereo and clock signals (which set tempo). This could be sixteen different digital instruments, for example. The specification originates in a paper published by Dave Smith and Chet Wood then of Sequential Circuits at the October 1981 Audio Engineering Society conference in New York City then titled Universal Synthesizer Interface.Ī single MIDI link through a MIDI cable can carry up to sixteen channels of information, each of which can be routed to a separate device or instrument. MIDI (an acronym for Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard that describes a communications protocol, digital interface, and electrical connectors that connect a wide variety of electronic musical instruments, computers, and related audio devices for playing, editing and recording music. |